重要参数讲解

Usage: date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT]
  or:  date [-u|--utc|--universal] [MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]]
 
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
  -d, --date=STRING          display time described by STRING, not 'now'
      
FORMAT controls the output.  Interpreted sequences are:

  %d   day of month (e.g., 01)
  %F   full date; like %+4Y-%m-%d
  %H   hour (00..23)
  %I   hour (01..12)
  %m   month (01..12)
  %M   minute (00..59)
  %N   nanoseconds (000000000..999999999) 获取当前时间的纳秒，仅含有秒到纳秒部分，和秒组合就形成真正的纳秒
  %s   seconds since the Epoch (1970-01-01 00:00 UTC)  秒级别的时间戳
  %S   second (00..60)
  %T   time; same as %H:%M:%S
  %V   ISO week number, with Monday as first day of week (01..53)
  %Y   year
  
Examples:
  Convert seconds since the epoch (1970-01-01 UTC) to a date
    $ date --date='@2147483647'

  Show the time on the west coast of the US (use tzselect(1) to find TZ)
    $ TZ='America/Los_Angeles' date

  Show the local time for 9AM next Friday on the west coast of the US
    $ date --date='TZ="America/Los_Angeles" 09:00 next Fri'

获取当前的时间戳

# 秒
?  Desktop date +%s
1634886198

# 毫秒
?  Desktop date +%s%3N
1634886226634

# 微秒
?  Desktop date +%s%6N
1634886342825340

# 纳秒
?  Desktop date +%s%N
1634886360122580300

获取当前时间一天前的时间戳(ms)

date +%s%3N --date="-1 day"

获取当前时间一天后的时间戳(ms)

date +%s%3N --date="1 day"

获取当前时间一月前的时间戳(ms)

date +%s%3N --date="-1 month"

获取当前时间一月后的时间戳(ms)

date +%s%3N --date="1 month"

获取将指定的时间转成时间戳(ms)

?  Desktop date +%s%3N -d '2021-03-22T16:14:16+08:00'
1616400856000

将秒级别的时间戳转成时间

?  Desktop date "+%F %T" -d '@1634800545'
2021-10-21 15:15:45

获取年月

date "+%Y%m"

获取年月日

date "+%Y/%m/%d"

获取年月日时分秒

?  Desktop date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
2021-10-22 15:23:29

?  Desktop date "+%F %T"
2021-10-22 15:23:48

获取当前时间的昨天

?  Desktop date "+%F %T"
2021-10-22 15:27:08

?  Desktop date "+%F %T" -d "yesterday"
2021-10-21 15:26:51

?  Desktop date "+%F %T" -d "last day"
2021-10-21 15:27:00

获取月份的首日

date "+%Y/%m/01"

获取上个月月末

# 第一步获取当月的第一天
?  Desktop date "+%Y/%m/01"
2021/10/01

# 在当月的第一天的时间上减去一天
?  Desktop date -d "$(date "+%Y/%m/01") -d yesterday" +%F
2021-09-30

参考：

https://www.cnblogs.com/huixuexidezhu/p/9573194.html

https://www.jb51.net/article/69170.htm

https://blog.csdn.net/shixiaoguo90/article/details/80195052/

https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/ask/28424